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Notes Chapter 9
227. " Parthi miffilibus telis, aut fagittis affuefcunt, citis cohortibus nunc occurfantes, nunc terga dantes, fimu-lata fuga."——And Virgil alfo,

" Fidentemque fuga Parthum, verfifque fagittis."

228. The more modern Scythians, or Tartars, are faid to be very adroit on horfeback.—" Men of that country ben alle gode Archeres, and fhooten righte welle, bothe men and women, als wel on horsbak, prykinge, as on fote, renninge."
Maudeville's Trav. pg, 301.
229. What Horace fays of a particular people in the Eaft, may be applied to all, as the ufe of the Bow was eftalifhed in the higheft antiquity among thofe nations:

"Doctus fagittas tendere Seirfcas
"Arcu paterno."

230. Romanis ipfis ab antiquo vix fuerunt fagittae. Sed poft Punicum bellum fecundum creberima in Romanis caftris fagittarii, fed auxiliares, non cives.
Lipfius
231. Suetonius. Vita Domitian.

The reader will, I hope, excufe the expreffion, "acted Target," when he recollects fome of the characters in " The Midfummer Night's Dream :"—Moonfhine,—Lion, —and a Wall.

"In this fame interlude it doth befall,
"That I, one Snowt by name, prefent a wall."
Act V. Scene 2.
232. Lib. 1—15.
233. "—felix arcus, certique petitor
" Vulneris, et jaffum mentiri nefcius ictum."
Claud. 4. Cans. Ilon. 52.
234. Neque veromanipulares folum milites, fed principes et jam juventutis, feu Imperatorum liberos, eundem quoque artem, prout de Conftantio dicitur fub Doctoribus fagittariis didiciffe, docebit in ejufdem Imperatoris & fratris Conftantis laudatione, Libanius,
See Cyrill. advers. Jul, pg, 109.

This Emperor is faid by others to be—" mirus artifex in fagittas—deftinandi fagittae mire promptus," &c.
See Sfanheim Obf. ad Orat, Jul. pg. 114.

235. —Maximeque perite dirigendi fagittas. Am. Mar. L. 21. Ch. 16. and Spanh. ubi fupra. — Thefe were his exercifes.
236. Ammianus Marcellanus, Lib. 31, Ch. 10, pg. 491.
237. Philippus Olynthum & Methonem oppugnaturus dum trajicere Sandanum fluvium vi contendit, fagitta ictus eft ab Aftere Olynthio qui et dixit,

" After lethale Philippo mittit fpiculum."

Philippus retro ad fuas natando evafit, amiffo ex co vulnere oculo.

Plutarch. Parrel. pg.307. Vol. II. Fol.Par. 1624.
See Juftin alfo, Lib. 7. Ch. 6.

238. See Zozimus, Lib. 2. pg. 132, Oxf. Edit. Octavo.
239. "Ut Alexander Oxathrem fratrem Darii, quem inter corporis cuftodes habebat, proprius juffit acce-dere; tradique Beffum ei, ut cruci adfixum mutilatis auribus naribufque, fagittis configerent barbari; adfervarentque corpus, ut ne aves quidem contingerent. Oxathres cetera fibi curae fore pollicetur. Aves non ab alio quam a Catene poffe prohibere adjicit; eximiam ejus artem cupiens oftendere, Namque adeo certo ictu deftinata feriebat, ut aves quoque exciperet. Nam etfi forfitan fagittandi tam celebri ufu minus admirabilis videri haec ars poffit; tamen ingens vifentibus miraculum, magnoque honori Cateni fuit.
Q. Curt. Lib. 7. Ch. 5.—40.

A law made in France in the reign of Dacobert, anno 630, inflicted a penalty on Archers, who, fhooting at birds which came to devour the dead after a battle, wounded the body on which they fat.—" Et fi ut faepe contingat, aquilae vel ceterae aves cadaver repererint, & fuper ad lacerandum confederint, & aliquis fagittam ejecerit, & cadaver vulneraverit, et reper-turn fuerit, cum duodecim folidis componat."

Capit. Reg, Franc. pg. 136
240.
Lib. 3. Vol. I. pg. 179.
241. "Æripedem filvis cervam Styphalidas aftris
"Abftulit:"—
Martial.
242. Robertfon's Hiftory.
243. This diverfion was formerly in ufe among the Turks, as we End the following account given by Bufbequius:—" Mos eft antiquus gentis jam a Parthis deductus, ut in equo fugam fimulantes hoftem temere fubeuntem fagitta feriant: quod ut faciant expeditius ita confequuntur: Surnmam altiffimae perticae, five mali in plano erecti partem aereo globo indunt, quern ad malum ubi celerrimo curfu equum incitarunt, jamque nonnhil praetervecti funt, repente converfi refupinatique equo curfum perficiente, fagittam in globum ilium mittunt: cujus rei frequfenti ufu efficiunt, ut nullo negotio arcu in fuga verfo hoftem incautum figant."
Bufbeq. pg. 200.
244. Stuart mentions a random fhot with an Arrow, of Haffam Aga, governor of Athens, which he mea¬fured and found to be 1753 Englifh feet, or 584 yards. See Athenian Antiq, Vol. I.
245. " Ex his aliquot folemni Pafchatis (nam et ipfi. fuum habent pafcha) in magna fuper Peram planicie conveniunt, ubi aequa fronte humi confidentes cruribus ita compofitis ut fartorum apud nos confuetudo eft (ea eft enim propria Turcarum feffio) a precatione orfi (ita fua omnia Turcae aufpicantur) inter fe quis longius fagittam mittat contendunt. Agitur ea res magna modeftiâ & filentio, quamvis adftante fpectatorum multitudine. Arcus habent ad eam rem breviffimos, eoque rigidiores, nee ulli nifi exercitatiffimo flexibiles: fed et peculiares in eum ufum fagittas habent. Victori linteum acu pictum, quo faciei fudorem folemus abftergere, praemium proponitur; fed multo maximum gloria. Quantum vero fpatium fuis fagtttis tranfmittant, creditu difficile. Locus quo adacta eft ejus fagitta, qui eo anno longiffime jaculatus eft, lapide fignatur. Eorum lapidum jam a prifcis temporibus plures extant, illis qui hodic ponuntur, multis paffibus remotiores, quos majorum fuorum metas fuiffe perfuafum habent: ad quorum robur &jaculandi fcientiam ipfi fe adfpirare non poffe, fateantur. In diverfis vero urbis Conftantinopolis vicis & quadriviis hujufmodi ludi funt, quo non modo pueri & adolefcentes, fed et provectioris actatis homines congregantur. Scopo praeeft aliquis, ad quem ejus tuendi cura pertinet, qui quotidie aggerem aquâ rigat, exariturum alioqui fic ut fagittae (quibus utuntur in ludo obtufis) figi in co non poffent. Qui quidem fcopi cuftos affidue aftans terra extractas mundatafque fagittas jaculantibus rejectat. Quo nomine a fingulis certa donatur ftipe, qui ci quaeftus eft. Scopi frons oftioli fimilitudinem refort; ex quo forte ufurpatum eft Graecis proverbium, ut cum toto fcopo aberrare aliquem fignificare volunt, cum jaculari contra januam, dicant".
Bufbequii Opera, Ep. 3
246. Virgil has copied this Arching fcene, with a little variation, in AEneid 5. L. 4.85.